Reference LibraryWCAG Success Criteria Explained

Every success criterion from WCAG 2.0 through 2.2, in one place: what it requires, how to test it by hand, the failures we see most, and whether AccessBell's automated checker can catch it for you.

About this library

The W3C's WCAG 2.2 groups its 87 success criteria under four principles — Perceivable, Operable, Understandable and Robust — and three conformance levels, A, AA and AAA. Most legal standards, including the ADA, Section 508 and the European Accessibility Act, point to Level AA. 25 of the 87 criteria have at least one axe-core rule that can catch a failure automatically; the rest need a person to judge, and every page here says which is which.

Looking for a scan instead of a reference page? Run the free checker built for the standard you need: WCAG 2.2 AA Checker, WCAG 2.1 AA Checker, ADA Compliance Checker, Section 508 Checker, EN 301 549 Checker.

WCAG Codes Explained: Plain-English Guides

Longer guides to individual success criteria, with illustrations, code examples and step-by-step tests.

Success criteria by principle

Perceivable 29 criteria, 10 automated
Perceivable success criteria
Success criterionLevelAdded inHow it is tested
1.1.1 Non-text Content A WCAG 2.0 Automated
1.2.1 Audio-only and Video-only (Prerecorded) A WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.2.2 Captions (Prerecorded) A WCAG 2.0 Automated
1.2.3 Audio Description or Media Alternative (Prerecorded) A WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.2.4 Captions (Live) AA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.2.5 Audio Description (Prerecorded) AA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.2.6 Sign Language (Prerecorded) AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.2.7 Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded) AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.2.8 Media Alternative (Prerecorded) AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.2.9 Audio-only (Live) AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.3.1 Info and Relationships A WCAG 2.0 Automated
1.3.2 Meaningful Sequence A WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.3.3 Sensory Characteristics A WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.3.4 Orientation AA WCAG 2.1 Manual review
1.3.5 Identify Input Purpose AA WCAG 2.1 Automated
1.3.6 Identify Purpose AAA WCAG 2.1 Manual review
1.4.1 Use of Color A WCAG 2.0 Automated
1.4.2 Audio Control A WCAG 2.0 Automated
1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum) AA WCAG 2.0 Automated
1.4.4 Resize Text AA WCAG 2.0 Automated
1.4.5 Images of Text AA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced) AAA WCAG 2.0 Automated
1.4.7 Low or No Background Audio AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.4.8 Visual Presentation AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.4.9 Images of Text (No Exception) AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
1.4.10 Reflow AA WCAG 2.1 Manual review
1.4.11 Non-text Contrast AA WCAG 2.1 Manual review
1.4.12 Text Spacing AA WCAG 2.1 Automated
1.4.13 Content on Hover or Focus AA WCAG 2.1 Manual review
Operable 34 criteria, 10 automated
Operable success criteria
Success criterionLevelAdded inHow it is tested
2.1.1 Keyboard A WCAG 2.0 Automated
2.1.2 No Keyboard Trap A WCAG 2.0 Manual review
2.1.3 Keyboard (No Exception) AAA WCAG 2.0 Automated
2.1.4 Character Key Shortcuts A WCAG 2.1 Manual review
2.2.1 Timing Adjustable A WCAG 2.0 Automated
2.2.2 Pause, Stop, Hide A WCAG 2.0 Automated
2.2.3 No Timing AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
2.2.4 Interruptions AAA WCAG 2.0 Automated
2.2.5 Re-authenticating AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
2.2.6 Timeouts AAA WCAG 2.1 Manual review
2.3.1 Three Flashes or Below Threshold A WCAG 2.0 Manual review
2.3.2 Three Flashes AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
2.3.3 Animation from Interactions AAA WCAG 2.1 Manual review
2.4.1 Bypass Blocks A WCAG 2.0 Automated
2.4.2 Page Titled A WCAG 2.0 Automated
2.4.3 Focus Order A WCAG 2.0 Manual review
2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context) A WCAG 2.0 Automated
2.4.5 Multiple Ways AA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
2.4.6 Headings and Labels AA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
2.4.7 Focus Visible AA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
2.4.8 Location AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
2.4.9 Link Purpose (Link Only) AAA WCAG 2.0 Automated
2.4.10 Section Headings AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
2.4.11 Focus Not Obscured (Minimum) AA WCAG 2.2 Manual review
2.4.12 Focus Not Obscured (Enhanced) AAA WCAG 2.2 Manual review
2.4.13 Focus Appearance AAA WCAG 2.2 Manual review
2.5.1 Pointer Gestures A WCAG 2.1 Manual review
2.5.2 Pointer Cancellation A WCAG 2.1 Manual review
2.5.3 Label in Name A WCAG 2.1 Manual review
2.5.4 Motion Actuation A WCAG 2.1 Manual review
2.5.5 Target Size (Enhanced) AAA WCAG 2.1 Manual review
2.5.6 Concurrent Input Mechanisms AAA WCAG 2.1 Manual review
2.5.7 Dragging Movements AA WCAG 2.2 Manual review
2.5.8 Target Size (Minimum) AA WCAG 2.2 Automated
Understandable 21 criteria, 4 automated
Understandable success criteria
Success criterionLevelAdded inHow it is tested
3.1.1 Language of Page A WCAG 2.0 Automated
3.1.2 Language of Parts AA WCAG 2.0 Automated
3.1.3 Unusual Words AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.1.4 Abbreviations AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.1.5 Reading Level AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.1.6 Pronunciation AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.2.1 On Focus A WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.2.2 On Input A WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.2.3 Consistent Navigation AA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.2.4 Consistent Identification AA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.2.5 Change on Request AAA WCAG 2.0 Automated
3.2.6 Consistent Help A WCAG 2.2 Manual review
3.3.1 Error Identification A WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.3.2 Labels or Instructions A WCAG 2.0 Automated
3.3.3 Error Suggestion AA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.3.4 Error Prevention (Legal, Financial, Data) AA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.3.5 Help AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.3.6 Error Prevention (All) AAA WCAG 2.0 Manual review
3.3.7 Redundant Entry A WCAG 2.2 Manual review
3.3.8 Accessible Authentication (Minimum) AA WCAG 2.2 Manual review
3.3.9 Accessible Authentication (Enhanced) AAA WCAG 2.2 Manual review
Robust 2 criteria, 1 automated
Robust success criteria
Success criterionLevelAdded inHow it is tested
4.1.2 Name, Role, Value A WCAG 2.0 Automated
4.1.3 Status Messages AA WCAG 2.1 Manual review

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